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Ultimate Freedom - Keith Lehrer - Bog - Oxford University Press Inc - Plusbog.dk

Ultimate Freedom - Keith Lehrer - Bog - Oxford University Press Inc - Plusbog.dk

Philosopher Keith Lehrer outlines a view of freedom of choice based on a Kahneman-derived distinction between what he calls a first order system that is intuitive and immediate, and a higher order system of response, which he calls a second system of scientific analysis. Lehrer argues that freedom of choice is an expression of attention to the higher order system, and that what is often called free will is often just doing what you desire, a response that neglects consideration of other options. Freedom of choice acknowledges those options, and preference among them forms in response to the acceptance of evidence. We might suppose that in responding to beliefs that one has attended to evidence, but that is a delusion, because our higher order acceptance of evidence can be overwhelmed by the fixation created by first level belief. What is the difference between just doing what you desire because it feels good and acting on what you prefer because of scientific acceptance? Lehrer points to a form of preference that he says is the ultimate explanation of choice -- what he calls a power preference. It is a preference that loops back on to itself, a fixed-point vector, and suffices to explain choice. Lehrer''s theory of such a power preference includes scientific explanation and consistently accommodates determinism. It is itself a scientific and philosophical explanation, and an ultimate principle of explanation. Lehrer terms the freedom of choice expressing that preference “ultimate freedom”-- the source of our knowledge and agency both in theory, directing what we rationally accept, and in practice directing freedom of choice.

DKK 625.00
1

The Ultimate Musical Theater College Audition Guide - Amy Rogers Schwartzreich - Bog - Oxford University Press Inc - Plusbog.dk

The Ultimate Musical Theater College Audition Guide - Amy (director And Founder Rogers Schwartzreich - Bog - Oxford University Press Inc - Plusbog.dk

Tibetan Buddhism and Mystical Experience - Yaroslav Komarovski - Bog - Oxford University Press Inc - Plusbog.dk

Tibetan Buddhism and Mystical Experience - Yaroslav Komarovski - Bog - Oxford University Press Inc - Plusbog.dk

In this book, Yaroslav Komarovski argues that the Tibetan Buddhist interpretations of the realization of ultimate reality both contribute to and challenge contemporary interpretations of unmediated mystical experience. The model used by the majority of Tibetan Buddhist thinkers states that the realization of ultimate reality, while unmediated during its actual occurrence, is necessarily filtered and mediated by the conditioning contemplative processes leading to it, and Komarovski argues that therefore, in order to understand this mystical experience, one must focus on these processes, rather than on the experience itself. Komarovski also provides an in-depth comparison of seminal Tibetan Geluk thinker Tsongkhapa and his major Sakya critic Gorampa''s accounts of the realization of ultimate reality, demonstrating that the differences between these two interpretations lie primarily in their conflicting descriptions of the compatible conditioning processes that lead to this realization. Komarovski maintains that Tsongkhapa and Gorampa''s views are virtually irreconcilable, but demonstrates that the differing processes outlined by these two thinkers are equally effective in terms of actually attaining the realization of ultimate reality. Tibetan Buddhism and Mystical Experience speaks to the plurality of mystical experience, perhaps even suggesting that the diversity of mystical experience is one of its primary features.

DKK 442.00
1

The Biological Roots of Human Nature - Timothy H. (professor Of Biology Goldsmith - Bog - Oxford University Press Inc - Plusbog.dk

Letters to Doubting Thomas - C. Stephen Layman - Bog - Oxford University Press Inc - Plusbog.dk

Priestess, Mother, Sacred Sister - Susan Starr Sered - Bog - Oxford University Press Inc - Plusbog.dk

A New Kind of War - Howard Jones - Bog - Oxford University Press Inc - Plusbog.dk

Birth of Intelligence - Daeyeol Lee - Bog - Oxford University Press Inc - Plusbog.dk

Patterns of Modern Chinese History - Charles Desnoyers - Bog - Oxford University Press Inc - Plusbog.dk

Wisdom in Classical and Biblical Tradition - Michael (associate Professor Of Classics And Ancient Mediterranean Studies And Jewish Studies Legaspi -

Wisdom in Classical and Biblical Tradition - Michael (associate Professor Of Classics And Ancient Mediterranean Studies And Jewish Studies Legaspi -

Wisdom in Classical and Biblical Tradition begins with the recognition that modern culture emerged from a synthesis of the legacies of ancient Greek civilization and the theological perspectives of Jewish and Christian scriptures. Part of what made this synthesis possible was a shared outlook: a common aspiration toward wholeness of understanding that refused to separate knowledge from goodness, virtue from happiness, cosmos from polis, and divine authority from human responsibility. This wholeness of understanding, or wisdom, features prominently in both classical and biblical literatures as an ultimate good. Wisdom in Classical and Biblical Tradition has two central aims. The first is to explain in formal terms what wisdom is. Though wisdom involves matters of practical judgment affecting the life of the individual and the social sphere, it has also been identified with an understanding of the world and of the ultimate realities that give meaning to human thought and action. Michael Legaspi explains how, in its traditional form, wisdom was understood to govern intellectual, social, and ethical endeavors. Legaspi''s second aim is to analyze figures and texts that have yielded and shaped the traditional understanding of wisdom. This book examines accounts of wisdom from foundational texts that range from the period of Homer to the destruction of the Second Temple, and explains why the search for wisdom remains an important but problematic endeavor today.

DKK 737.00
1

Moonshadows - The Cowherds - Bog - Oxford University Press Inc - Plusbog.dk

Moonshadows - The Cowherds - Bog - Oxford University Press Inc - Plusbog.dk

The doctrine of the two truths - a conventional truth and an ultimate truth - is central to Buddhist metaphysics and epistemology. The two truths (or two realities), the distinction between them, and the relation between them is understood variously in different Buddhist schools; it is of special importance to the Madhyamaka school. One theory is articulated with particular force by Nagarjuna (2nd C CE) who famously claims that the two truths are identical to one another and yet distinct. One of the most influential interpretations of Nagarjuna''s difficult doctrine derives from the commentary of Candrakarti (6th C CE). In view of its special soteriological role, much attention has been devoted to explaining the nature of the ultimate truth; less, however, has been paid to understanding the nature of conventional truth, which is often described as "deceptive," "illusion," or "truth for fools." But because of the close relation between the two truths in Madhyamaka, conventional truth also demands analysis. Moonshadows, the product of years of collaboration by ten cowherds engaged in Philosophy and Buddhist Studies, provides this analysis. The book asks, "what is true about conventional truth?" and "what are the implications of an understanding of conventional truth for our lives?" Moonshadows begins with a philosophical exploration of classical Indian and Tibetan texts articulating Candrakati''s view, and uses this textual exploration as a basis for a more systematic philosophical consideration of the issues raised by his account.

DKK 486.00
1

Moonshadows - The Cowherds - Bog - Oxford University Press Inc - Plusbog.dk

Moonshadows - The Cowherds - Bog - Oxford University Press Inc - Plusbog.dk

The doctrine of the two truths - a conventional truth and an ultimate truth - is central to Buddhist metaphysics and epistemology. The two truths (or two realities), the distinction between them, and the relation between them is understood variously in different Buddhist schools; it is of special importance to the Madhyamaka school. One theory is articulated with particular force by Nagarjuna (2nd C CE) who famously claims that the two truths are identical to one another and yet distinct. One of the most influential interpretations of Nagarjuna''s difficult doctrine derives from the commentary of Candrakarti (6th C CE). In view of its special soteriological role, much attention has been devoted to explaining the nature of the ultimate truth; less, however, has been paid to understanding the nature of conventional truth, which is often described as "deceptive," "illusion," or "truth for fools." But because of the close relation between the two truths in Madhyamaka, conventional truth also demands analysis. Moonshadows, the product of years of collaboration by ten cowherds engaged in Philosophy and Buddhist Studies, provides this analysis. The book asks, "what is true about conventional truth?" and "what are the implications of an understanding of conventional truth for our lives?" Moonshadows begins with a philosophical exploration of classical Indian and Tibetan texts articulating Candrakati''s view, and uses this textual exploration as a basis for a more systematic philosophical consideration of the issues raised by his account.

DKK 1052.00
1

Free Will and Luck - Alfred R. Mele - Bog - Oxford University Press Inc - Plusbog.dk

Understanding Antiepileptic Drugs - Bernd Pohlmann Eden - Bog - Oxford University Press Inc - Plusbog.dk

The Philosophy of Aquinas - Robert (professor Of Philosophy Pasnau - Bog - Oxford University Press Inc - Plusbog.dk

Perfect Storm - Gustafson - Bog - Oxford University Press Inc - Plusbog.dk

Perfect Storm - Gustafson - Bog - Oxford University Press Inc - Plusbog.dk

The story of Russia''s historic opening to the West (1992-2022), where it succeeded and why it has failed, the impact of war and sanctions, and the prospects for Russia''s future.Russia''s invasion of Ukraine in 2022 brought a tragic close to a thirty-year period of history that began with the collapse of the Soviet Union and the reopening of Russia to the West after six decades of Soviet isolation. The opening lasted for three tumultuous decades and ended with a new closing, driven by the Ukrainian war, the imposition of Western sanctions, and the Russian responses to them.In Perfect Storm, Russia analyst Thane Gustafson reinterprets the story of Russia''s failed opening to the West, focusing on its economic, technological, and social aspects, and the role they played in its ultimate failure. These parallel events are essential for understanding what happened and what went wrong. Yet they have received much less attention than the military and geopolitical aspects of the current conflict. Gustafson tells the story of the West''s entry into Russia, the arrival of Russians into the West, and the conflicting emotions and responses these aroused on both sides, contributing to the ultimate breakdown of relations and the unprecedented hurricane of Western sanctions. The book concludes with an examination of possible futures under a new generation of leaders.A measured and nuanced account of the evolution of Russia''s economic relations with the world, Perfect Storm illuminates the longer history of Russia''s opening to the West, from its achievements and disappointments to the complexity of the post-invasion sanctions regime and Russia''s responses to them.

DKK 264.00
1

Knowing Illusion: Bringing a Tibetan Debate into Contemporary Discourse - The (a Collective Of Scholars In Philosphy And Buddhist Studies) Yakherds -

Knowing Illusion: Bringing a Tibetan Debate into Contemporary Discourse - The (a Collective Of Scholars In Philosphy And Buddhist Studies) Yakherds -

Tsongkhapa (1357-1419) is by any measure the single most influential philosopher in Tibetan history. His articulation of Prasangika Madhyamaka, and his interpretation of the 7th Century Indian philosopher Candrakirti''s interpretation of Madhyamaka is the foundation for the understanding of that philosophical system in the Geluk school in Tibet. Tsongkhapa argues that Candrakirti shows that we can integrate the Madhyamaka doctrine of the two truths, and of the ultimate emptiness of all phenomena with a robust epistemology that explains how we can know both conventional and ultimate truth and distinguish truth from falsity within the conventional world. The Sakya scholar Taktsang Lotsawa (born 1405) published the first systematic critique of Tsongkhapa''s system. In the fifth chapter of his Freedom from Extremes Accomplished through Comprehensive Knowledge of Philosophy, Taktsang attacks Tsongkhapa''s understanding of Candrakirti and the cogency of integrating Prasangika Madhyamaka with any epistemology. This attack launches a debate between Geluk scholars on the one hand and Sakya and Kagyu scholars on the other regarding the proper understanding of this philosophical school and the place of epistemology in the Madhyamaka program. This debate raged with great ferocity from the 15th through the 18th centuries, and continues still today. These two volumes study that debate and present translations of the most important texts produced in that context. Volume I provides historical and philosophical background for this dispute and elucidates the philosophical issues at stake in the debate, exploring the principal arguments advanced by the principals on both sides, and setting them in historical context. This volume presents English translations of each of the most important texts in this debate.

DKK 423.00
1

Sherrington's Loom - Alan J. Mccomas - Bog - Oxford University Press Inc - Plusbog.dk

Specialty Competencies in Geropsychology - - Bog - Oxford University Press Inc - Plusbog.dk

Justice Between the Young and the Old - Dennis Mckerlie - Bog - Oxford University Press Inc - Plusbog.dk

Knowing Illusion: Bringing a Tibetan Debate into Contemporary Discourse - - Bog - Oxford University Press Inc - Plusbog.dk

Knowing Illusion: Bringing a Tibetan Debate into Contemporary Discourse - - Bog - Oxford University Press Inc - Plusbog.dk

Tsongkhapa (1357-1419) is by any measure the single most influential philosopher in Tibetan history. His articulation of Prasangika Madhyamaka, and his interpretation of the 7th Century Indian philosopher Candrakirti''s interpretation of Madhyamaka is the foundation for the understanding of that philosophical system in the Geluk school in Tibet. Tsongkhapa argues that Candrakirti shows that we can integrate the Madhyamaka doctrine of the two truths, and of the ultimate emptiness of all phenomena with a robust epistemology that explains how we can know both conventional and ultimate truth and distinguish truth from falsity within the conventional world. The Sakya scholar Taktsang Lotsawa (born 1405) published the first systematic critique of Tsongkhapa''s system. In the fifth chapter of his Freedom from Extremes Accomplished through Comprehensive Knowledge of Philosophy, Taktsang attacks Tsongkhapa''s understanding of Candrakirti and the cogency of integrating Prasangika Madhyamaka with any epistemology. This attack launches a debate between Geluk scholars on the one hand and Sakya and Kagyu scholars on the other regarding the proper understanding of this philosophical school and the place of epistemology in the Madhyamaka program. This debate raged with great ferocity from the 15th through the 18th centuries, and continues still today. The two volumes of Knowing Illusion study that debate and present translations of the most important texts produced in that context. Volume I: A Philosophical History of the Debate provides historical and philosophical background for this dispute and elucidates the philosophical issues at stake in the debate, exploring the principal arguments advanced by the principals on both sides, and setting them in historical context. This volume examines the ways in which the debate raises issues that are relevant to contemporary debates in epistemology, and concludes with two contributions by contemporary Tibetan scholars, one on each side of the debate.

DKK 1049.00
1

A Guide to the Elements - Albert Stwertka - Bog - Oxford University Press Inc - Plusbog.dk

A Guide to the Elements - Albert (professor Emeritus Stwertka - Bog - Oxford University Press Inc - Plusbog.dk